{"id":1635,"date":"2021-08-16T04:58:38","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T04:58:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/?page_id=1635"},"modified":"2022-01-02T09:59:48","modified_gmt":"2022-01-02T09:59:48","slug":"what-constitutes-theoretical-contribution","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/what-constitutes-theoretical-contribution\/","title":{"rendered":"What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1635\" class=\"elementor elementor-1635\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-vguvsac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"vguvsac\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4acc06\" data-id=\"d4acc06\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee4950 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bee4950\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution in Business\/Social Sciences Research<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db7027d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db7027d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Develop a Detailed Understanding of What is Theory and What actually makes up the Theoretical Contribution in a Research Study<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9nnyhgx elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9nnyhgx\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-885cb99\" data-id=\"885cb99\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1bfc54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b1bfc54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Knowledge-Discovery-and-Theoretical-Contributions-1-1024x576.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7268\" alt=\"Knowledge Discovery and Theoretical Contributions\" srcset=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Knowledge-Discovery-and-Theoretical-Contributions-1-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Knowledge-Discovery-and-Theoretical-Contributions-1-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Knowledge-Discovery-and-Theoretical-Contributions-1-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Knowledge-Discovery-and-Theoretical-Contributions-1.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-105f188\" data-id=\"105f188\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b4be810 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b4be810\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-81a3f1b\" data-id=\"81a3f1b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f0a06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6f0a06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><b>Understanding Theoretical Contributions<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4918b41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4918b41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This tutorial will help research scholars develop a detailed understanding of<\/p><ul><li>What is a theoretical contribution, and What is not a theoretical contribution and the elements of theoretical contribution,<\/li><li>How to search a theory, and learn how to write theoretical contributions with examples.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b638d13 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b638d13\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-845ae42\" data-id=\"845ae42\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-282b9b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"282b9b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What Constitutes Theoretical Contribution<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd4f77a\" data-id=\"bd4f77a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ff99392 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ff99392\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-679a12b\" data-id=\"679a12b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0370a71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0370a71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><b>Paper Rejected Due to Lack of Theoretical Contributions<\/b><\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46c4e0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46c4e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ol><li>One of the greatest weaknesses in academic research, which could be easily improved, is making greater theoretical contributions in empirical studies<\/li><li>This tutorial focuses on improving the quality of empirical studies. The emphasis is on improving the quality of the theoretical contributions of empirical research. Setting up a study in such a way that it makes a theoretical contribution to the extant literature is the cornerstone of empirical research.<\/li><li>This is not to diminish the importance of good procedures, measurement, and analysis. However, if the theoretical contribution of a study has not been well established a priori, then the quality of subsequent steps is irrelevant.<\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74cdd21 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74cdd21\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c9a2e7f\" data-id=\"c9a2e7f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5073c7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5073c7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is a Theory?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a6be8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a6be8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Theories have the potential to <i>explain <\/i>a phenomenon. This puts theoretical work squarely ahead of mere descriptive or survey work, which just states phenomena as they are.<\/li><li>Theory is necessary and useful in most business and management research. Examiners expect to see propositions and hypotheses supported by theory or theoretical concepts\/perspectives, and for empirical findings to be explained by theory or theoretical concepts\/perspectives.<\/li><li>Most business and management research aims to explain a particular behaviour, such as a choice or an outcome that is associated with individuals (e.g. leaders, employees and consumers), groups (e.g. work teams, companies and countries) or systems (e.g. company practices and government policies). Theories are used to explain such behaviour.<\/li><li>For example, theories may be used to explain <i>why <\/i>some companies are successful while others are not, or why individual <i>a <\/i>decides to buy product <i>x <\/i>while individual <i>b <\/i>decides to buy product <i>y<\/i>. Theories can be used to provide both predictions and explanations. Theories do this by specifying <i>how <\/i>different concepts or phenomena relate to one another and <i>why <\/i>these concepts or phenomena relate to each other in the way that they do.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e22ece elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e22ece\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b5512f\" data-id=\"8b5512f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a90e81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a90e81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Elements of a Theory?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f8dbd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f8dbd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Whetten (1989) argues that theory contains four essential elements:<\/p><ul><li>What \u2013 the factors in the theory, this includes the constructs in the theory.<\/li><li>How \u2013 how the factors are related; <b><i>The arrows that connect the boxes. Servant Leadership influencing Job Satisfaction.<\/i><\/b><b><i>Why \u2013 why the factors are related; and (The Key and Particularly Important in Theoretical Contribution)<\/i><\/b><\/li><li>Who, where, when \u2013 which represent the boundary conditions (moderators). Help explain what could possible change the existing prescribed relationships in the model.\u00a0 Who here refers to the level of Analysis (Individual, Departmental, or Organizational), <b><i>Where<\/i><\/b> refers to the context or setting, and <b><i>When<\/i><\/b> refers to the timing.<\/li><li>A <i>model <\/i>is a representation of a theory, which is generally shown in graphical or mathematical form.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccb0792 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ccb0792\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contribution of Your Research<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3873b7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3873b7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>The purpose of academic research is to add to our knowledge or understanding of a given topic of interest in the academic community.<\/li><li>In a general sense, research is concerned about understanding how the world works. Researchers from different fields and subfields focus on understanding how a small part of the world works.<\/li><li>Hence, marketing researchers add to our knowledge on marketing-related phenomena. Nonprofit marketing researchers add to our knowledge on nonprofit marketing-related phenomena.Scholarly research aims to discover new knowledge. By identifying a deficiency or gap in our knowledge (knowledge archived in the scholarly literature), you are emphasizing both the need for knowledge discovery and the contribution you intend to make in your article.<\/li><li>If this issue is not addressed effectively, your article will be weak regardless of the methodological quality of the study you are reporting.<\/li><li>Researchers often spend too little time developing the theoretical contribution of their studies, while placing strong emphasis on reporting significant findings and model fit indices.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b258b3a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b258b3a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ada558\" data-id=\"8ada558\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad33b29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad33b29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How to Search for a Theory?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e41a557 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e41a557\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Google Scholar can be significantly useful in searching for a theory. A few example search strings that can be utilized are presented here<\/p><p><b>What Theories have been used with a particular concept<\/b><\/p><ul><li>intitle:\u201dServant Leadership\u201d intext:Theory<\/li><\/ul><p><b>If Servant Leadership has been using with a particular Theory<\/b><\/p><ul><li>intitle:\u201dServant Leadership\u201d intext:\u201dComplexity Theory\u201d<\/li><li>intitle:\u201dServant Leadership\u201d intext:\u201dPath-Goal Theory\u201d<\/li><li>intitle:&#8221;Innovative Behavior&#8221; &#8220;Servant Leadership&#8221; intext:&#8221;Theory&#8221;<\/li><li>intitle:&#8221;Safety Performance&#8221; &#8220;Leadership&#8221; intext:&#8221;Theory&#8221;<\/li><li>intitle:&#8221;Knowledge Management&#8221; &#8220;Leadership&#8221; intext:&#8221;Theory&#8221;<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fdc6f4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7fdc6f4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d815a5\" data-id=\"6d815a5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa59316 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fa59316\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Knowledge Discovery<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdb4d6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bdb4d6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><b><i>A new context is not a contribution<\/i><\/b><\/p><ul><li>One error researchers sometimes make is to assume that since a study has not been conducted in a different context, this represents a literature gap. Collecting data from a country in which prior research has not collected data is not a contribution to the literature. It is a replication.<\/li><li>Collecting data from an industry or type of organization in which prior research has not collected data is not a contribution to the literature. This common error is the result of the researcher failing to have the perspective of a social scientist.<\/li><li>As discussed previously, social scientists think in terms of inter-construct relationships. A gap in our knowledge (or literature gap) is the result of an interconstruct relationship that has not been previously examined. A theoretical contribution is made when we learn about a new inter-construct relationship.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0fedb2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0fedb2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Theoretical Contributions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a630d8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a630d8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><b><i>What and How.<\/i><\/b> Although, in principle, it is possible to make an important theoretical contribution by simply adding or subtracting factors (Whats) from an existing model, this process seldom satisfies reviewers.<\/li><li>One way to demonstrate the value of a proposed change in a list of factors is to identify how this change affects the accepted relationships between the variables (Hows). Just as a list of variables does not constitute a theory, so the addition of a new variable to an existing list should not be mistaken as a theoretical contribution.<\/li><li>Relationships, not lists, are the domain of theory. Therefore, theoretical insights come from demonstrating how the addition of a new variable significantly alters our understanding of the phenomena by reorganizing our causal maps.<\/li><li><b><i>Why. <\/i><\/b>This is probably the most fruitful, but also the most difficult avenue of theory development. This includes identification of mediators and moderators that could help explain not only the mechanism of impact but also the boundary conditions (moderators). <b><i>Why explains, provides reasoning.<\/i><\/b><\/li><li>Utilizing a theory to explain the relationships between variables where there has been no empirical research, for instance using Knowledge Based View to explain how Entrepreneurial Leadership affect knowledge management processes.<\/li><li><b><i>Who, When, Where.<\/i><\/b> Generally, it is insufficient to point out limitations in current conceptions of a theory&#8217;s range of application. For instance lack of application of a particular factor in a context\/setting is not enough, Theorists need to understand why this anomaly exists, so that they can revise the How and What in the model to accommodate this new information. <b><i>Servant Leadership and Life Satisfaction example<\/i><\/b><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc7c09d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc7c09d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9f55838\" data-id=\"9f55838\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e57cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"23e57cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Examples of Theoretical Contributions<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-231ee02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"231ee02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Theory has been used to explain a different situation\/context<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><b><i>Whereas Self-Determination Theory traditionally pays attention to the various types and work-related sources of human motivations for displaying <\/i><\/b><b><i>particular workplace<\/i><\/b><b><i> behaviors (in this article, work\/nonwork integration behavior), no attention is paid to the needs and obligations individuals may have outside the work domain<\/i><\/b><\/p><p>The concepts are related in light of a particular theory<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><b><i>The authors make a theoretical contribution by explaining the process by which ethical leaders influence employees to engage in CCBs, addressing calls to understand how social learning theory can be used to understand how people learn to become socially responsible.<\/i><\/b><\/p><p>Another example by Incorporating two different theories<\/p><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><b><i>This study contributes by exploring the factors that will help explain the mechanism to build a loyal customer based through CSR. Additionally, the present study integrates three theoretical approaches (i.e., social identity, stakeholder, and signaling theories). In doing so, it expands previous studies that have based on the social identity perspective almost exclusively to understand the CSR-loyalty link. <br \/><\/i><\/b><\/p><h5><b><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Further, Google Scholar may also be used to search for sample Theoretical Contributions. Here is a sample string that can be utilized<\/span><i><br \/><\/i><\/b><\/h5><ul><li><strong>intitle:&#8221;Leadership&#8221; intext:&#8221;Theoretical Contribution&#8221;<\/strong><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><b>Bibliography<i><br \/><\/i><\/b><\/p><ul><li>Whetten, D. A. (1989). What constitutes a theoretical contribution?. <i>Academy of management review<\/i>, <i>14<\/i>(4), 490-495.<\/li><li>Peters, P., &amp; Blomme, R. J. (2019). Forget about \u2018the ideal worker\u2019: A theoretical contribution to the debate on flexible workplace designs, work\/life conflict, and opportunities for gender equality. <i>Business Horizons<\/i>, <i>62<\/i>(5), 603-613.<\/li><li>Wymer, W. (2017). Improving the quality of empirical nonprofit research: the focal constructs and their measures. <i>International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing<\/i>, <i>14<\/i>(2), 137-148.<\/li><li>Butler, P., &amp; Tregaskis, O. (2018). Distributed leadership and employee cynicism: Trade unions as joint change agents. <i>Human Resource Management Journal<\/i>, <i>28<\/i>(4), 540-554.<\/li><li>Sakka, G., &amp; Ahammad, M. F. (2020). Unpacking the relationship between employee brand ambassadorship and employee social media usage through employee wellbeing in workplace: A theoretical contribution. <i>Journal of Business Research<\/i>.<\/li><li>Wilkins, S., Neri, S., &amp; Lean, J. (2019). The role of theory in the business\/management PhD: How students may use theory to make an original contribution to knowledge. <i>The International Journal of Management Education<\/i>, <i>17<\/i>(3), 100316.<\/li><li>Patiar, A., &amp; Wang, Y. (2016). The effects of transformational leadership and organizational commitment on hotel departmental performance. <i>International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management<\/i>.<\/li><li>Cloutier, C., &amp; Langley, A. (2020). What Makes a Process Theoretical Contribution?. <i>Organization Theory<\/i>.<\/li><li>Eva, N., Newman, A., Zhou, A. J., &amp; Zhou, S. S. (2019). The relationship between ethical leadership and employees\u2019 internal and external community citizenship behaviors. <i>Personnel Review<\/i>.<b><i><br \/><\/i><\/b><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-76ce132 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"76ce132\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34d41c9\" data-id=\"34d41c9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e3d34b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e3d34b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Writing Theoretical Contributions: A Step by Step Guide<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34dd2a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34dd2a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Complementing this post, i have designed a tutorial to guide the research scholars on how to write the research contributions. The tutorial follows a step-by-step approach on how to draft the research contributions. Click <a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/guide-to-writing-research-contributions-a-step-by-step-approach\/\">Here<\/a> to view the tutorial<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b77f128 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b77f128\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d18cf89\" data-id=\"d18cf89\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56b9675 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"56b9675\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Video Session Explaining What Constitutes the Theoretical Contributions and How to Write the Theoretical Contributions<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77166d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"77166d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/lx1R6zH8lyc&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-92859ee\" data-id=\"92859ee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fa3054 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1fa3054\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Video: Theoretical Contribution: Why it is important, Searching a Theory with Examples  - Edited Webinar <\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-175f424 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"175f424\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/DF5dX8aKOBw&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-537de25\" data-id=\"537de25\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a45e77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a45e77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Video: An Updated Session on Theoretical Contributions<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99f7491 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"99f7491\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/17GuSZljnNs&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fbfa23e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fbfa23e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0597bd0\" data-id=\"0597bd0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f950479 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f950479\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Additional Research  Resources<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-07bf9f5\" data-id=\"07bf9f5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dc77fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-ccchildpages_widget\" data-id=\"8dc77fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-ccchildpages_widget.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li class=\"page_item page-item-2076 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/common-mistakes-in-a-research-introduction\/\" class=\"menu-link\">Common Mistakes in the Research Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-6112 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/guide-to-writing-research-contributions-a-step-by-step-approach\/\" class=\"menu-link\">Guide to Writing Research Contributions: A Step by Step Approach<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-1967 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/how-to-start-the-introduction-of-a-research-paper\/\" class=\"menu-link\">How to Start the Introduction of a Research Paper<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-1933 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/how-to-write-the-research-introduction\/\" class=\"menu-link\">How to Write the Research Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"page_item page-item-2040 menu-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/researchwithfawad.com\/index.php\/listintroduction\/idenfyingandpresentinggaps\/\" class=\"menu-link\">Identifying and Presenting Gaps in Research Introduction<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Constitutes a Theoretical Contribution in Business\/Social Sciences Research Develop a Detailed Understanding of What is Theory and What actually makes up the Theoretical Contribution in a Research Study Understanding Theoretical Contributions This tutorial will help research scholars develop a detailed understanding of What is a theoretical contribution, and What is not a theoretical contribution [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1828,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1635","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO 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