SEMinR Lecture Series Bootstrapping PLS Model

SEMinR Lecture Series
Bootstrapping PLS Model

This series of lecture on SEMinR Package will introduce the SEMinR package.

SEMinR

There are four steps to specify and estimate a structural equation model using SEMinR:

Loading and cleaning the data
Specifying the measurement models
Specifying the structural model
Estimating, bootstrapping, and summarizing the model

Bootstrapping

PLS-SEM is a nonparametric method – thus, we need to perform bootstrapping to estimate standard errors and compute confidence intervals.
The bootstrap_model() function is used to bootstrap a previously estimated SEMinR model (simple_model). The previously estimated pls model (the object holding the pls estimation is bootstrapped)
This function applies the arguments shown in Table. In the example, we use the bootstrap_model() function and specify the arguments seminr_model = simple_model, nboot = 1000, cores = NULL, seed = 123.

In this example, we use 1,000 bootstrap subsamples. However, the final result computations should draw on 10,000 subsamples (Streukens & Leroi-Werelds, 2016).
We first assign the output of the bootstrapping to the boot_simple variable.

# Bootstrap the model
boot_simple <- bootstrap_model
(seminr_model = simple_model,
nboot = 1000,
cores = NULL,
seed = 123)

We then summarize this variable, assigning the output of summary() to the summary_boot variable.
The summarized bootstrap model object (i.e., summary_boot) contains the elements shown in . Table, which can be inspected using the $ operator.

# Store the summary of the bootstrapped model
summary_boot <- summary(boot_simple)
#Retreive Full Report
summary_boot
# Inspect the bootstrapped structural paths
summary_boot$bootstrapped_paths
# Inspect the bootstrapped indicator loadings
summary_boot$bootstrapped_loadings

Review of the Steps

Following is a brief review of the steps that have been discussed in SEMinR tutorials.

Load the Library – library ()
Load the Data – read.csv
Review the Data – head()
Specify the Measurement Model – constructs()
Specify the Structural Model – relationships()
Estimate the Model – estimate_pls()
Summarize the Results – summary()
Bootstrap the Model – bootstrap_model()
Summarize the Results – summary()

The next step is Plotting and Writing Results – plot() and Write.csv

Complete Code

library(seminr)
# Load the Data
datas <- read.csv(file = "D:\\YouTube Videos\\SEMinR\\Data.csv", header = TRUE, sep = ",")
head(datas)
# Create measurement model
simple_mm <- constructs(
  composite("Vision", multi_items("VIS", 1:4)),
  composite("Development", multi_items("DEV", 1:7)),
  composite("Rewards", multi_items("RW",1:4)),
  composite("Collaborative Culture", multi_items("CC", 1:6)))
# Create structural model
simple_sm <- relationships(
  paths(from = c("Vision", "Development", "Rewards"), to = "Collaborative Culture"))
# Estimate the model
simple_model <- estimate_pls(data = datas,
  measurement_model = simple_mm,
  structural_model = simple_sm)
# Summarize the model results
summary_simple <- summary(simple_model)
#Retreive Full Summary
summary_simple
# Inspect the model path coefficients and the R^2 values
summary_simple$paths
# Inspect the construct reliability metrics
summary_simple$reliability
# Bootstrap the model
boot_simple <- bootstrap_model(seminr_model = simple_model,
nboot = 1000,
cores = NULL,
seed = 123)
# Store the summary of the bootstrapped model
summary_boot <- summary(boot_simple)
#Retreive Full Report
summary_boot
# Inspect the bootstrapped structural paths
summary_boot$bootstrapped_paths
# Inspect the bootstrapped indicator loadings
Summary_boot $bootstrapped_loadings
# Write the bootstrapped paths object to csv file
write.csv(x = summary_boot$bootstrapped_loadings, file = "boot_loadings.csv")

Reference

Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook.

The tutorials on SEMinR are based on the mentioned book. The book is open source and available for download under this link.

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SEMinR Lecture Series Bootstrapping PLS Model