Hayes Process Macro - Model 4 - Mediation Analysis

The tutorial will guide on Model 4 of the Hayes Process Macro for Mediation Analysis.

Introduction

Up to this point, we have focused on how to perform moderation analysis using the Process Macro.
Let’s now examine how the influence between two constructs may take an indirect path through a third variable called a mediator.
In these situations, the third variable will intervene on the influence of the two constructs (Hair et al. 2009).
In testing if “mediation” or the presence of a mediator in a model, you need to understand some of the terminology that is used, such as direct effect, indirect effect, and total effects.
A direct effect is simply a direct relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable in presence of the Mediator (c’).
An indirect effect is the relationship that flows from an independent variable to a mediator and then to a dependent variable (a*b).
The term total effect is the combined influence of the direct effect between two constructs and the indirect effect flowing through the mediator (c = c’ + a*b).

We want to examine if the construct of Culture has an indirect effect through Commitment on the construct of Organizational Performance.

Step 2: Put in the Required Variables. In this case,
- Y Variable (Dependent Variable) is OP
- X Variable (Independent Variable) is Culture
- Mediator is Commitment
- Model Number is 4

Step 3: Select Option Button, and Choose the options as shown in the figure below ()
- Select Show total effect model (only models 4,6,70,81, 82), this is to generate total effect estimates.
- For Standardized effect, select Standardized effects (mediation-only models).
- Press Continue

Description of Model along with the different variables where Y is Dependent Variable, X is Independent Variable, and M is the Mediating Variable.